{"id":6291,"date":"2023-07-25T10:47:36","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T10:47:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/?p=6291"},"modified":"2026-08-21T08:37:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T08:37:13","slug":"de-baca-county","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/de-baca-county\/","title":{"rendered":"De Baca County, New Mexico"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>De Baca County is a county in New Mexico, United States, on the Pecos River in the east-central part of the state. It had a population of 1,698 at the 2020 census and covers 2,334 square miles (6,050 km2), centred near 34&deg;28&prime;N 104&deg;14&prime;W.<\/p>\n<p>Fort Sumner is the county seat, and its postal code is 88119. De Baca County has one incorporated place (Fort Sumner, a village), one census-designated place (Lake Sumner), and a handful of small unincorporated communities. The county has no civil townships. It observes Mountain Time, and its FIPS code is 35011.<\/p>\n<h2>Towns &amp; Villages in De Baca County<\/h2>\n<p>De Baca County is New Mexico&#8217;s second-least populous county, and almost all of its residents live in or near Fort Sumner. The table below covers the county seat, the county&#8217;s one census-designated place, and the small unincorporated communities carried forward from earlier settlement, mining and railroad-siding history along the Pecos valley. Type key: CDP = census-designated place; Unincorp. = unincorporated community with no separate municipal government.<\/p>\n<div class=\"tv-table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Place<\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Pop.<\/th>\n<th>ZIP<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Fort Sumner<\/td>\n<td>Village &middot; seat<\/td>\n<td>966<\/td>\n<td>88119<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lake Sumner<\/td>\n<td>CDP<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Yeso<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Taiban<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Agudo<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Buchanan<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cardenas<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dunlap<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Largo<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Salado<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>La Lande<\/td>\n<td>Unincorp.<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>An&aacute;l, a former settlement near the Guadalupe County line, is now a ghost town with no resident population. Some maps also label a place called Evanola in this stretch of the Pecos valley, but no current gazetteer entry or population figure for it could be confirmed, so it is omitted here rather than guessed at.<\/p>\n<h2>ZIP Codes<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>88119 &mdash; Fort Sumner (the county&#8217;s only post office and its lone ZIP code)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The smaller communities of De Baca County have no separate post office and are served by the Fort Sumner ZIP code.<\/p>\n<h2>Geography<\/h2>\n<p>De Baca County sits on the plains and rolling grassland of east-central New Mexico, split by the Pecos River, which is impounded just north of Fort Sumner to form Sumner Lake. The terrain rises gently from the river valley toward mesas and dry rangeland to the east and west; ranching dominates the open country outside the river bottom. Of the county&#8217;s 2,334 square miles, 11 square miles are water, mostly Sumner Lake itself.<\/p>\n<p>De Baca County borders Guadalupe County to the north, Quay County to the northeast, <a href=\"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/roosevelt-county-new-mexico\/\">Roosevelt County<\/a> to the east, Chaves County to the south, and <a href=\"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/lincoln-county-new-mexico\/\">Lincoln County<\/a> to the west.<\/p>\n<h2>Demographics<\/h2>\n<p>De Baca County had 1,698 residents at the 2020 census, giving it a density of roughly 0.7 people per square mile &mdash; among the lowest in New Mexico. Fort Sumner is by far the largest community; Lake Sumner is the only other named census place. The county&#8217;s median age of 51.5 is well above the state average, and its population is almost entirely rural. Household income runs below the New Mexico median of $62,268, typical of the state&#8217;s sparsely populated ranching counties.<\/p>\n<h2>Economy &amp; Local Life<\/h2>\n<p>Ranching and irrigated farming along the Pecos River anchor the local economy, alongside government employment tied to Fort Sumner Municipal Schools and the county seat&#8217;s public offices. Sumner Lake State Park draws anglers and campers to the reservoir north of town and is a meaningful source of visitor spending for a county this small. Fort Sumner also trades on its Billy the Kid history, with a museum and gravesite drawing regional tourist traffic.<\/p>\n<h2>History<\/h2>\n<p>De Baca County was created on February 28, 1917, out of parts of Chaves, Guadalupe and Roosevelt counties, and named for Ezequiel Cabeza de Baca, the second elected governor of New Mexico. Fort Sumner, the county seat, takes its name from the 1862 U.S. Army post built to hold the Bosque Redondo reservation, where thousands of Navajo and Mescalero Apache people were forcibly interned until 1868 &mdash; a history the county&#8217;s historic site and museum now document. The outlaw Billy the Kid was shot and killed near Fort Sumner in 1881 and is buried in the town&#8217;s Old Fort Sumner Cemetery.<\/p>\n<h2>Getting There<\/h2>\n<p>U.S. Route 60\/84 runs through Fort Sumner, meeting U.S. Route 60 west toward Vaughn and continuing east toward Clovis and Texas; State Road 20 runs south toward Roswell.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Clovis, NM &mdash; about 60 miles east<\/li>\n<li>Roswell, NM &mdash; about 70 miles south<\/li>\n<li>Vaughn, NM &mdash; about 45 miles west<\/li>\n<li>Santa Rosa, NM &mdash; about 45 miles north<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The nearest commercial airport is Roswell Air Center (ROW). Fort Sumner has its own small municipal airport for general aviation.<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Where is De Baca County?<\/strong><br \/>It is in east-central New Mexico, on the Pecos River, roughly midway between Roswell and Clovis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What is the population of De Baca County?<\/strong><br \/>1,698 at the 2020 census, making it New Mexico&#8217;s second-least populous county.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How big is De Baca County?<\/strong><br \/>2,334 square miles (6,050 km2), of which 11 square miles are water.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What is the county seat of De Baca County?<\/strong><br \/>Fort Sumner is the county seat and the county&#8217;s only incorporated municipality.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How many towns and communities are in De Baca County?<\/strong><br \/>One incorporated village, one census-designated place, and a small number of unincorporated communities along the Pecos valley.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What ZIP codes are in De Baca County?<\/strong><br \/>88119, covering Fort Sumner and the surrounding county.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Why is Fort Sumner historically significant?<\/strong><br \/>It was the site of the Bosque Redondo internment of Navajo and Mescalero Apache people in the 1860s, and outlaw Billy the Kid was killed and is buried there.<\/p>\n<p>More counties in this state: <a href=\"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/category\/new-mexico\/\">Towns and villages in New Mexico<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De Baca County is a county in New Mexico, United States, on the Pecos River in the east-central part of the state. It had a population of 1,698 at the 2020 census and covers 2,334 square miles (6,050 km2), centred near 34&deg;28&prime;N 104&deg;14&prime;W. Fort Sumner is the county seat, and its postal code is 88119. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Towns & Villages in De Baca County, NM","_seopress_titles_desc":"De Baca County, New Mexico: population, Fort Sumner ZIP code, towns, geography, history and FAQ for this Pecos River county.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[6],"class_list":["post-6291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-new-mexico","tag-towns-and-cities","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6291"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6291\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11001,"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6291\/revisions\/11001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6291"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6291"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/townsvillages.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}